INFLUENCE OF PROCESSING SYSTEMS ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DERNOVO-PODSOLIC SANDY SOILS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS

Abstract

On sod-podsolic sandy soils of different humidifying regular application chisel is established, that, superficial and mini-till systems of tillage leads to consolidation soils on 0.03-0.11 g/sm³ in relation to turning. However on chisel and the mini-till the density increase does not lead to excess of the top border of an optimum. The differentiation of an arable layer is most expressed at chisel and superficial tillage and mini-till and observed during all vegetative period, at turning is shown from the middle till the end of vegetation. Distinctions in soil density between layers of 0- 10 and 10-20 sm are especially expressed at superficial tillage - 0.18-0.22 g/sm³. On soil of normal humidifying turning, chisel tillage and mini-till provide satisfactory aeration of an arable layer - 50-53 %, superficial tillage - unsatisfactory - 48 %. On sandy rehumidified to soil satisfactory porosity is provided at turning and chisel tillage on depth 20-22 Superficial and minimum tillage see lead to deterioration of aeration of soil as a result of decrease in porosity of a layer 10-20 sm. On sandy soil of normal humidifying application within 3th years of the minimum system of tillage of soil provides increase of efficiency of a link of a crop rotation on 3 ts/hectares of grain units in comparison with turning, and system of superficial tillage, on the contrary, to authentic (on 4,2 ts/hectares of grain units) to its reduction. On rehumidified to soil replacement of turning with superficial and mini-till leads essential (on 3.4-3.7 ts/hectares of grain units) to decrease in productivity of cultures of a link of a crop rotation.