In the long-term field experiment (5 crop rotations) on Luvisol loamy sand soil the effect of mineral fertilizer doses and ratios on crop productivity and dynamics of agrochemical properties of arable horizon was studied. It was established that maximal annual productivity of crop rotation - 78.4 c f.u./ha - was obtained as a result of annual application of N94Р86К138 and N106Р53К94 at background of FYM (14.8 t/ha). At these treatments the increase of acidity level and mobile phosphate content by 0.37 and 0.27 units was observed as well as by 122 and 73 mg/kg respectively under the conservation of soil organic matter. As a result of annual application of N94Р86К138 the mobile potassium content was increased by 46 mg/kg, and under application of N106Р53 К94 mobile potassium content was reduced by 72 mg/kg.

The agrotechnical groups of wind erosion dangerous soils of Belarusian Polesye depending on soil varieties form part of component structure are presented at the article. It was found out, that potential deflation rates changes from 1-3 t/ha to 15 and more in year. Degradation peat soils are the most of wind erosion dangerous. Besides of it, the estimation of sanitary state of field protected planting with different composition of trees оn diverse soils is presented.

In the article the attempt of estimation of the degree of stability of authomorphic agrosod-podzolic soils of Belarus to the anthropogenic impacts in dependence from texture was given. Factor of stability of soils was established on the basis of changes their genetical properties (such as contents of the humus, total absorbed basis, basic capacity, degree of base saturation) in process of reclamation and cultivation.

The results of studies of heterogeneity of soil reclaimed land Belarusian Polessye was expounded. The close relationship between the pattern image of soil combinations on the materials of remote sensing and between their of quantitative indicators the structure of the soil cover was detected.

The express spectrophotometric method for the determination of humus content in different texture agro-sod-podzolic soils is considered. The method is based on close correlation between the values of spectral reflectance at λ=750 nm and humus content in the agro humus horizons of these soils. The economic efficiency of this method is 48.8 % compared to the existing ones.

The calculation of wind erosion model on the base of parameters: type of soil and wind velocity, which were described with step-by-step algorithm that includes results of wind blowing imitation in aerodynamic installation tool. Such diagnostic indexes as critical and destructive stream velocities were verified with such agrophysical parameters as mean soil particles size, index of soil firmness to wind, humus content, deflation appearance degree and another that indicate phases of process activity.

Investigation results of chemical elements content and distribution in mineral rendzina profile in Western Ukraine used for a long period under intensive agriculture have been presented. Comparative analysis of molar ratio value, leaching factor indicators, constitutional water content, coefficient value change of silicate soil part, using data of some soil investigations stages have been conducted. The character and course of modern differentiation processes development of chemical composition of investigated rendzinas mineral profile have been revealed.

Results of research for status of humus and buffer properties of chernozem soils in southwestern Ukraine are summarized. Geographic and genetic features of humus status of soils on the territory under study are identified. Chernozem soils under study are found to reveal a tendency, in dehumification processes, to retain their parameters being typical for soils of the chernozem-type soil-formation. Features of humus formation processes under impact of natural and man- caused factors were studied as well.

The results of study of the humus status of some waterlogged alluvial soils of Brest Polessye are shown. A rather high content of organic matter (2,0-3,8 %) in the alluvial soils of Brest Polessye is determined, characterizing humate-fulvate composition (Cha/Cfa - 0.60-0,68). The assumption is made about the influence of the reaction of the soil medium on the organic matter mobility - with increasing pH decreases the amount of mobile humus fractions. It is shown that humus content of fluvisols raised with increasing content of the clay, with any precise patterns of change in the qualitative composition of the organic matter were not observed.

Steadily depressions of hydrolytic enzymes activities were observed under geomorphologic profile of Luvisol loamy sand soil on moraine loam: compared watershed the invertase activity of medium eroded soil was reduced by 14-24 %, severely eroded soil - by 37-46 %; the urease activity of medium eroded soil was reduced by 13-20, severe eroded soil - by 29-37 %. Oxidized enzymes activities depressions under geomorphologic profile were less significant: on severely eroded soil the reduction of polyphenoloxidase activities varied in diapason of 7-14 %, peroxidase activities - in diapason of 14-21 % compared watershed.

This paper highlights researching of restructuring of microbiocenosis and levels biochemical activity of chernozem belt with contamination of heavy metals and melioration Trihodermini. The influence of pollution on microbiocenose soil in specification of heavy metal. A soil microflora of a typical mushroom culture of Trihodermini greatly enhances the transformation of soil organic matter as without pollution and with the aftereffect of heavy metals.

Data of calculation of economic and specific removal of basic nutrients, and also estimation of nutrients balance for rotation grain-grass crop rotation on sod-podzolic light loamy soil are resulted and analysed.

In studies on sod-podzolic loamy sand soil the one-sided application of organic or mineral fertilizers in crop rotation link corn - spring rapeseed - winter triticale has not supplied the getting of self-supporting nitrogen and potassium balance; at organic-mineral fertilizer system the nitrogen balance ranged 16-53 kg/ha. The chicken manure application provided the positive phosphorus balance with the intensity of 189-307 %. The application of peat-lignin-straw- manure, peat-sugar beet presscake-defecate filth-straw-manure composts and organic-calcareous, siliceous sapropel promoted to soil alkalization. Only in organic-mineral fertilizer system variants was noted positive changes in the humus content.

On sod-podsolic sandy soil influence of ways and machining tillage on efficiency of mineral fertilizers is studied. It is established, that application Р60К120 provides efficiency of a link of a crop rotation oats-leguminous a mix-spring wheat of fodder units of 31,1-34,2 ts/hectares and a recoupment of fertilizers of 3,2-3,9 fodder units. Decrease in efficiency of fertilizers is observed on superficial disk processing of soil. Entering on the average for a link of a crop rotation of nitrogen of fertilizers of 50 kg/hectares provides gathering of fodder units of 44,3-47,4 ts/hectares. The increase in doses of nitrogen to 80 and 110 kg/hectares raises efficiency in relation to a fosforno-potash background accordingly on 19,2-20,5 and 22,3-24,4 ts/hectares of fodder units. Efficiency of nitric fertilizers on superficial disk tillage more low in comparison with moldboard, chisel and the minimal tillages.

The article encloses the field research and study about the influence of fertilizing system and tillage on humus regime data in the typical chernozem. More stable tendencies on general humus increase in a root layer were achieved in no till system. The increase of mineral fertilizers dose caused increase of mobile humus in soil.

There was studied the application of new forms of complex fertilizers (NPK) with modifying additives, and also complex fertilizers without additives or mixtures of standard mineral fertilizers (carbamide, ammoniated superphosphate, potassium chloride) for winter and summer cereal crops, potato and vegetable crops (carrots, table beet, cabbage). The research was realized on sod-podzolic light loamy and sod-podzolic loose sandy loam soils. Research results proved that the analyzed complex fertilizers with additives of microelements provided crop yield increase, improvement of grain quality, increase of protein and crude protein content, improvement of tuber quality, increase dry matter yield, and reducing of nitrate accumulation.

Impact of complex use of nitrogen fertilizers, copper and manganese micro fertilizers, retardant and fungicides on structure formation of yield of two winter wheat varieties Syita and Finesiya is studied. The positive impact of split application N 180 in five times during vegetative period, micro fertilizers and fungicides upon quantity of productive shoots, grains number in an ear, mass of 1000 grains and grain mass in one ear of studied winter wheat varieties is found. Retardant application had negative influence on grain mass in one ear of two studied winter wheat varieties.

Chernozems typical of Left-Bank Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine contain very few mobile sulfur, especially in early spring. In three field experiments compared the effect of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate for top - dressing winter wheat. Ammonium nitrate is more effective in the first top- dressing. In the second top - dressing of winter wheat ammonium nitrate is equivalent to the use of ammonium sulfate. In order to adequately assess the conditions of the sulfur nutrition of plants proposed to determine the reserves of mobile sulfur in the meter soil layer.

Lupinus angustifoliusis is highly effective fallow-gown crop in the Non-Chernozem zone. Receptions ploughing in green manure into soil without mineral fertilizers positively influence on productivity cultures of a grain crop rotation. Total carrying out NPK after occupied steam increases in a link of a crop rotation in 1,4 times in comparison with the control. At the same time deep ploughing in green manure increases carrying out NPK on the average in 2 times, small - only in 1,5 times. Introduction lupine positively transforms balance NPK of a link of a crop rotation and changes an order of minima in sod-podzolic sandy soil.

The use of trace elements in the foliar application of corn cultivated on sod- podzolic sandy loam soil at different levels of mineral nutrition had no significant effect on the accumulation of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash and nitrogen- free extractive substances in the green mass of corn. Increased nitrogen doses influenced protein content. Increasing the nitrogen dose from 120 to 180 kg/ ha resulted in an increase the protein accumulation in the green mass and corn grain from 8.3 % and 10.3 % (background 1 (manure 50 t/ha + N₁₂₀P₆₀K₁₂₀) to 9.6 % and 11.0 % (background 2 (manure 50 t/ha + N₁₈₀P₉₀K₁₈₀) corresponding. Application of micronutrients reduced the nitrates uptake in corn plants in all studied variants of the experiment and does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration of 500 mg/kg. The nitrate content in the first background was 287 mg/kg, on the second - 383 mg/kg.

As a result of researches it is established, that the contents of essential amino acids (lysine, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine) in peas grain is 64 g/kg on the average, lupine grain - 70, in seeds spring rapeseed - 57 g/kg of a dry weight. The green mass of narrow-leaved lupine is characterized by the high content of essential amino acides (58 g/kg) with prevalence of leucine, phenylalanine, valine and lysine. The clover on content of threonine, phenylalanine, isoleucine and lysine concedes lupine, however in methionine and valine surpasses it. On the content of essential amino acids the green mass of corn (22 g/kg) in 2,1 times concedes to a clover and in 2,6 times to lupine.

Environmentally acceptable level of organic substances mineralization (142 %) and high crop rotation productivity (56.7 c f.u./ha) were observed as a result of annual application of N_67,3P₄₀K_85,7. The introduction of N_67,3, as well as combinations N_67,3K_85,7 and N_67,3P₄₀ resulted in surplus enhancement of organic substances mineralization (169 %, 164 %, 167 %) compared control treatment (100 %).

The research data on the influence of foliar liquid multi-nutrient fertilizing with trace elements in cultivation of perennial legume-grass mixtures on sod-podzolic gley soil light loam soil in Vitebsk region of the Republic of Belarus (2010-2012) are presented. It was revealed that foliar liquid multi-nutrient fertilizing with trace elements in the cultivation technology of perennial legume-grass mixtures in the first, second and third year for the first and second mowing together with conventional and multiple-nutrient fertilizer application without trace elements, NPK-compound fertilizer with Zn and B and liquid nitrogen potash fertilizer application is an effective agricultural technique. It provides productivity increase in fresh and dry-matter yield, protein content and yield and payback of the cost of mineral fertilizers.

Currently, due to the high cost of fertilizer, energy, funds control weeds, pests and plant diseases cost of production increases, and the yield cropping technology, including carrots, reduced.

The article contains economic efficiency from foliar fertilization by domestic and foreign preparations in carrot cultivation technology. The influence of fertilizer on carrot productivity for early and late terms of harvesting, production expenses, product cost, income and profitability is shown.